Ventilator.



No. 802,899. PATENTED OUTu 24, 1905. G. F. WILLIAMS VENTILATOR'.

APPLIUATION FILED EARN]. 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Fig.1.

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Now 802,899. PATENTED OUT. 24, 1905.

G. F WILLIAMfi.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.7. 1903.

2 SIIBETSSHEET 2.

. tion.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

' Application filed March 7, 1903. Serial No. 146,648.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GILBERT F. WILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

.The invention relates to that class of ventilators designed more particularly for use in connection with transportation vehicles, although it is not necessarily limited in its useful application in that respect.

In a former application which I have filed, Serial No. 116,583, date of filing May 9, 1902, I have described and illustrated a ventilator of peculiar type and character, having particularly designed the same for the purpose of preventing direct blasts entering a compartment. Such ventilators were intended for application at any particular point, either in a car, other vehicle, or house, and in their construction comprehended the use of suitable vanes for automatically adjusting the ventilators, so as to permit the entrance of indirect currents and to avoid the entering of direct air blasts or currents, and in that connection provisions were also made for the proper deflection of the air-currents, so that the reverse or indirect currents would enter through the ventilators free from foreign substances. My present invention, while embodying generally the principle of my invention disclosed in said application, is intended more particularly for application to the roofs or superstructures. of cars or other transportation vehicles, and it is so designed that the indirect ventilating-currents of air free from foreign substances will enter quietly into the car or vehicle. The construction involved in the present invention is such that the ventilator will act with great promptitude in its automatic regulation, and its specific construction differs in some respects from the construction shown in my former appli cation, which features of structure are presently to be described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section showing parts in eleva- Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view. Fig. 3

is a side elevation. Fig. 4L is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a detail view of the removable cap.

In the general form of construction I have preferably adopted a cylindrical form of body or casing portion. This is indicated at the letter A, and is composed conveniently of the sides and end caps A, having, respectively, at their centers suitable bosses at. The interior of this casing A is spanned by two vertical partitions B, which are located, respectively, at points intermediate the center and ends of the casing and extend upward to a point slightly above the axial center of the casing, as shown in Fig. 1. Through the easing extends a longitudinal shaft E, the same projecting through the upper edges of the partitions B and passing through the bosses a, their outer ends carrying depending arms K, which in turn carry at their lower ends the concavo-convex disks k, there being two disks to each arm, and the same arranged back to back, as shown in Fig. 2.

Mounted on the central portion of the shaft E is a closure or shutter C, consisting conveniently of a substantially cylindrical member having in its side an opening 0 the width of which is slightly less than the transverse width of the shutter C, while its length is sub stantially equal to one-third the circumference of the shutter C, and the opening is positioned in the bottom portion of the shutter, as shown in Fig. 4, so that its uppermost walls or edges will approximate the walls or edges of two oppositely-disposed openings J, formed in the opposite sides of the casing A, as indicated more clearly in Fig. at. This shutter is conveniently supported by suitable spiders or arms D, having a central hub D adjustably secured to the shaft E by a suitable nut or bolt d, the adjustment being for the purpose of longitudinally positioning on the,

shaft A as well as properly positioning the opening 0 relative to the openings J. The weight of the arms K, with their disks, is such that they will normally counterbalance the shutter and position it with the opening thereof between the openings in the casing;

but upon the movement of the arms in either direction by Wind-pressure against the disks one of the openings in the casing will be disclosed.

While, I have shown a special construction of shutter, with its actuating-disk, I desire it understood that the present invention is not necessarily limited to that construction. I have found, however, that a shutter having an opening of the dimensions indicated has many advantages, particularly in that the movement of the shutter in either direction retains one of the openings of the casing closed while opening the other opening.

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moved, the same being normally held in position by suitable clips a taking over suitable projections a. These particular clips and projections are simply suggested, and any convenient means for permitting the removal of the upper portion of the casing can be employed.

At the opposite ends of the casing A are formed suitable openings from which leads a pipe F of substantially U shape. This pipe projects downwardly a short distance and thence horizontally and has at its center a nipple or lead Gr, to which is secured a securingfiange H, by which means the ventilator may be attached to the roof of a car or other structure by suitable bolts or rivets. The lead G is designed to pass through an opening in the car conveniently in the roof or deck and may be extended to any desired or convenient point of discharge. Generally, however, it will only be necessary to have the lead or nipple terminate at the roof.

To properly balance and secure the ventilator, suitable feet f may be employed. In the construction of the tube F a space X is formed between the tube and the casing, the length of which space is somewhat greater than the length of the shutter for purposes presently to be described.

In operation, assuming that the ventilator is placed on the roof of a car, as soon as the car moves the air-pressure on the disks K will rotate the shaft E and the shutter C, carrying the opening in the shutter opposite the rear opening J of the ventilator and at the same time maintaining the forward opening in a closed condition. The air striking the lower curved portion of the casing is deflected downward and passes with considerable force through the spaceX and from there in a substantially straight line backward, and experience has demonstrated that a counter-current will be created which will pass in through the rear opening J and into the casing A. This current will then divide, usually, passing to the opposite ends of the casing forward over the partitions B and into the discharge tube or pipe F. From thence it passes into the car or compartment. As soon as the vehicle or car stopsas, for instance, at a stationthe ventilator will automatically close and preclude the entry of smoke or gases therethrough.

It is to be understood that various changes in the construction can be made and the details widely varied without in the least departing from the nature and principle of the invention-as, for instance, it may sometimes be desirable to provide screens for the openings in the bottoms of the hoods I, and when such is the case this addition will obviously come within the scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

1. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having openings in its opposite sides, and end discharge-openings, of a shutter in the casing having a single opening and pivotally supported, means without the casing for adjusting the shutter so as to open one opening while maintaining the other opening in the casing closed, and a discharge-pipe leading from opposite ends.

2. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having openings in its opposite sides and end discharge-openings, of a shutter in the casing pivotally supported, means without the casing for adjusting the shutter so as to close one opening and open the other opening in the casing, and a discharge-pipe leading from opposite ends.

3. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having inlet-openings in its sides and a shutter for closing the openings, of means for actuating the shutter comprising suitable vanes, a discharge-pipe leading from the opposite ends of the casing, a lead from said discharge-pipe, and means for supporting the casing.

4. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having lateral inlet-openings at its center and cross-partitions within the casing, of a shutter for the openings, vanes for actuating the shutter, hoods over the openings, and a discharge-pipe leading respectively from opposite ends of the casing, substantially as described.

5. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having oppositely-arranged inlet-ports, of a rotatable shutter for the ports, partitions on opposite sides of the shutter, a pipe leading from opposite ends of the casing, a lead into which said pipe discharges, means for supporting the ventilator, and vanes for actuating the shutter.

6. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having curved sides and having openings in the sides, of hoods projecting over and in front of the openings, means actuated by wind-pressure for closing one of the openings, a curved discharge-pipe leading from the easing, and means for supporting the casing.

7. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having curved sides and oppositely-arranged openings in the sides, of hoods projecting over and in front of the openings, means actuated by wind-pressure for closing eoaeee one opening and opening the other opening, and a substantially U-shaped discharge-pipe leading from the opposite ends of the casing, substantially as described.

8. In a ventilator the combination with a casing having curved sides and openings in the sides, of hoods projecting over and in front of the openings, partitions in the casing, means actuated by Wind-pressure for closing one opening and opening the other opening, a curved discharge-pipe leading from opposite ends of the casing leaving a space between the same at the center below the openings, and a lead leading from said pipe.

9. In a ventilator the combination With a casing having curved sides, and openings in the sides, hoods projecting over and in front of the openings, means in the casing actuated GILBERT F. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses:

K. E. MON'IAGUE, Jos. H. MILANs. 

